Who did invent the word “robot” and what does it mean?
Who invented the word “robot,” and what does it mean? Some people think it was Karel Čapek, a Czech novelist and playwright.
But, contrary to popular opinion, Karel Čapek, the author of the play R.U.R., is not the inventor of the word robot. The word, derived from the Czech noun “robota”, meaning “forced labour”, is an accomplishment of Capek’s older brother, the cubist painter and writer Josef Čapek.
The word first appeared in the 1920 play R.U.R. Some claim that the word “robot” was first used in Josef Čapek’s short story “Opilec” (The Drunkard), published in the collection “Lelio” in 1917. According to the Capek Brothers Society in Prague, this must be corrected. The word used in Opilec is “automat”.
The following article by Karel Čapek tells the whole story in detail:
About the Word Robot
(translated by Norma Comrada)
A reference by Professor Chudoba to the Oxford Dictionary account of the word Robot’s origin and its entry into the English language reminds me of an old debt. The author of the play R.U.R. did not invent that word; he merely ushered it into existence. It was like this: the idea for the play came to the author in a single, unguarded moment. And while it was still warm, he rushed immediately to his brother Josef, the painter, who was standing before an easel and painting away at a canvas till it rustled.
“Listen, Josef,” the author began, “I think I have an idea for a play.”
“What kind,” the painter mumbled (he did mumble because, at
the moment, he was holding a brush in his mouth).
The author told him as briefly as he could.
“Then write it,” the painter remarked, without taking the brush
from his mouth or halting work on the canvas. The indifference was quite insulting.
“But,” the author said, “I don’t know what to call these artificial
workers. I could call them Labori, but that strikes me as a bit bookish.”
“Then call them Robots,” the painter muttered, brush in mouth, and continued painting. And that’s how it was. This was the word Robot born.
For more information about the R.U.R. play, please see this page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R.U.R.
Another question is when we should celebrate International Robots Day. According to some sources, on 25 January (see https://boingboing.net/2020/01/25/today-in-history-1921-the-wor.html). Other sources mention 2 January (see https://www.uhk.cz/cs/pedagogicka-fakulta/pdf/aktualne/svetova-premiera-r.u.r.-byla-pred-100-lety-v-hradci-kralove. No matter the day, we still love the robots! And by the way, should we still refer to them as robots? Isn’t that a pejorative term, similar to a slave? Shouldn’t we call them Artificial Intelligence? Unfortunately, according to lawyers, unlike cats and dogs, robots don’t have (yet) rights (source: https://bigthink.com/thinking/why-dont-robots-have-rights/.
